Driving Forces Behind Labor Supply Growth in the Netherlands

This article examines the driving forces behind the growth of the Dutch labor supply in recent decades and provides a forecast for the future using age-period-cohort models. Birth cohort effects - capturing both generational trends and policy changes - contribute most to the increased participation between 1997 and 2023, especially for women and older age groups. Changes in demographics due to immigration and shifts in household composition played only a limited role.