Overview by Policy Area

The European Commission regularly takes legal action against Member States that do not comply with EU law. These decisions, covering various EU policy areas, aim to ensure proper application of EU law for citizens and businesses. Below are the key decisions grouped by policy area. The Commission is also closing 64 cases where issues with the concerned Member States have been resolved. In these cases, the Commission does not have to pursue the infringement procedure further. The Commissions enforcement activities and Member States compliance with EU law can be followed through interactive maps and customizable graphs. For more details on a cases history or to access the full database of infringement decisions, the infringement decisions register is open for consultation. Additional information on the EU infringement procedure can be found in the following Q&A.

1. Environment

(For more information: Maciej Berestecki – Tel.: +32 2 296 64 83; Anna Gray – Tel.: +32 2 298 08 73)

Letters of Formal Notice

Commission calls on GERMANY and ESTONIA to align their national legislation with the Single-Use Plastic Directive
The European Commission has opened infringement procedures against Germany (INFR(2025)2107) and Estonia (INFR(2025)2101) for failing to correctly transpose the Single-Use Plastic Directive (Directive (EU) 2019/904). This Directive aims to prevent and reduce the impact of certain plastic products on the environment and human health, and to promote the transition to a circular economy. Germany has not properly defined port reception facilities, leading to unclear cost calculations for producers. Additionally, Estonias extended producer responsibility schemes do not fully cover all required single-use plastic products, limiting the Directives scope. The Commission has sent letters of formal notice to both countries, which now have two months to respond and address the raised shortcomings. Without a satisfactory response, the Commission may issue a reasoned opinion.