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Consumer confidence in September is just as negative as in August and July, reports Statistics Netherlands (CBS). Consumer confidence remains at -32. Willingness to buy improves slightly, while the assessment of the economic climate deteriorates slightly.

At -32, consumer confidence in September is below the average over the past twenty years (-10). Confidence reached its highest level ever in January 2000 (36) and its lowest level ever in September and October 2022 (-59). CBS has been measuring consumer confidence every month since April 1986 based on the consumer confidence survey. Consumer confidence is an average of 5 sub-questions, where the balance of positive and negative answers is taken from each question. If all consumers are positive, the balance is 100. If all consumers are negative, the balance is -100.