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Consumer confidence in December is as negative as the previous month, reports Statistics Netherlands (CBS). Consumer confidence remains at -21 in December. The assessment of the economic climate worsens slightly, while willingness to buy improves marginally.

At -21, consumer confidence in December is below the average of the past twenty years (-11). Confidence reached its highest level ever in January 2000 (36) and its lowest ever in September and October 2022 (-59). CBS has measured consumer confidence every month since April 1986 based on the consumer survey. Consumer confidence is an average of 5 sub-questions, where the balance of positive and negative answers is taken for each question. If all consumers are positive, the balance is 100. If all consumers are negative, the balance is -100.